DOUBLE-LOOP LEARNING.

FIRST AND SECOND LOOP LEARNING. ARGYRIS AND SCHÖN

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Double-loop learning is a individual and organisational learning model based on two feedback loops.

• Observer → Action → Results: (results - action); simple loop; review of behaviours and strategies for action.
• (Results - observer): double loop; review of values, beliefs and assumptions underpinning behaviours.

Through the simple loop learning, which is based on the error detection and correction, we can learn to adopting new strategies for action to achieve the results we want.

The double loop learning is more profound as it allows us to allows us to test and modify our perceptions, values and assumptions. It leads to changes of consciousness that can even lead to changes in our vision and purpose.

As a consequence, it broadens the framework for effective action and enables meta-learning: learning to learn.In order to learn in depth, therefore, it is a thorough analysis of our cognitive and behavioural structure is necessary, questioning our mental models, identifying those that induce us to make wrong decisions.

Double-loop learning, proposed by Chris Argyris and Donald Schön, is a model that goes beyond conventional error-correction learning.

This approach involves a deeper examination of our values, beliefs and underlying assumptions that influence our behaviours and decisions. The double-loop learning process involves two interrelated feedback loops.

1. The first loop, known as the simple loop, focuses on detecting and correcting errors to improve results. In this loop, we analyse our actions and action strategies and make adjustments to achieve better results. It is a reactive learning process that seeks practical solutions to specific problems.
2. On the other hand, the second loop, called the double loop, takes us beyond corrective action and invites us to question our underlying values, beliefs and assumptions. In this loop, we critically examine the foundations of our behaviours and decisions, seeking to understand how our beliefs and assumptions may be limiting our effective actions. It is a reflective learning process that allows us to address the roots of our patterns of thinking and behaviour.

Double loop learning brings us to a deeper level of awareness and gives us the opportunity to make significant changes in the way we think and act. By reviewing our mental models and identifying those that lead us to make wrong decisions, we can expand our frame of reference and develop greater mental agility.

This approach enables us to learn how to learn, i.e. to acquire metacognitive skills that allow us to reflect on our own learning process and adjust it according to changing needs and challenges. Double-loop learning is particularly relevant in business and entrepreneurial environments, where adaptability and continuous learning are crucial.

By adopting this approach, entrepreneurs can identify and question the assumptions underlying their business approach, explore new perspectives and strategies, and develop a more flexible mindset that is open to change. This enables them to address challenges more effectively, make more informed decisions and foster innovation in their projects and organisations.

In short, double-loop learning involves a thorough review of our values, beliefs and underlying assumptions, beyond correcting mistakes. It invites us to question our mental models and expand our frame of reference, allowing us to learn how to learn and develop greater mental agility. For entrepreneurs, this approach is The key to adapting to changing environments, making informed decisions and fostering innovation in their projects.

Here are some practical examples of how double loop learning can be applied in entrepreneurship:

1. Reflect on the company's vision and mission: An entrepreneur can question and review his business vision and mission in the double loop. He can ask himself whether the underlying values and assumptions are still valid and aligned with his goals and the business environment. If he identifies discrepancies, he can adjust his approach and realign his vision and mission to achieve better results.
2. Analysing project failure: When an entrepreneur experiences a project failure, he can take advantage of double-loop learning to reflect on the beliefs and assumptions that led to that situation. He can examine the mental models that influenced his decisions and actions, and consider new perspectives and approaches to avoid making the same mistakes in the future.
3. Evaluate and adjust marketing strategies: In the simple loop, an entrepreneur can analyse the results of his marketing and advertising strategies. If the results are not as expected, he can make adjustments to his tactics and approaches. In the double loop, he can question underlying beliefs about his target audience, communication channels or value proposition, and consider new approaches to improve the impact of his marketing strategies.
4. Learning from interactions with customers and users: Entrepreneurs can use double-loop learning to reflect on interactions with their customers and users. In the single loop, they can analyse customer comments and feedback to improve the quality of their products or services. In the double loop, they can question their beliefs about customers' needs and wants, and consider new ways to provide them with greater value and satisfaction.
5. Re-evaluate the business model: Double-loop learning is especially relevant when re-evaluating an entrepreneur's business model. It can challenge fundamental beliefs about how value is generated, how revenue is generated and how products or services are delivered. This can lead to the exploration of new business models, the adoption of innovative approaches and the continuous improvement of the value proposition to adapt to changing market demands.

In general, double-loop learning in entrepreneurship involves deep reflection on the assumptions and beliefs that guide entrepreneurial decisions and actions. It enables entrepreneurs to question and adjust their approaches, mental models and strategies to achieve better results and adapt to the challenges of the business environment.

The artificial intelligence (see+ TIP) can play a useful role in an entrepreneur's double-loop learning by providing additional feedback, perspectives and resources.

HERE ARE SOME WAYS IN WHICH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAN HELP:

1. Reflection and questioning: can pose thoughtful and challenging questions that help the entrepreneur question their underlying beliefs and assumptions. By interacting with artificial intelligence, the entrepreneur can explore different perspectives and consider new ideas to expand their thinking and approach.
2. Exploration of mental models: can help the entrepreneur to examine and challenge his or her current mental models. It can pose what-if scenarios and analyse how different approaches and assumptions might influence outcomes. This allows the entrepreneur to expand his or her mental toolkit and consider new ways of approaching challenges.
3. Additional resources and expertise: can provide additional information, resources and relevant references to support double-loop learning. It can provide reading recommendations, case studies or practical examples to help the entrepreneur deepen his or her understanding and acquire new applicable knowledge.
4. Analysis and evaluation: can help the entrepreneur analyse past results and actions in relation to goals and expectations. By reviewing data and results, artificial intelligence can help identify patterns, trends and possible areas for improvement. This facilitates the learning process and allows the entrepreneur to adjust his or her approach and strategies.
5. Accompaniment and follow-up: Artificial intelligence can act as a virtual companion for the entrepreneur, providing continuous support and monitoring in their double-loop learning process. It can keep a record of past interactions, track changes made and provide reminders and recommendations to encourage growth and continuous improvement.

In short, artificial intelligence can be a useful tool to help entrepreneurs in their double-loop learning. It provides an interactive environment where ideas can be explored, assumptions can be reflected upon and additional resources can be accessed to enrich the learning and business development process.